{"id":2202,"date":"2026-04-18T10:02:31","date_gmt":"2026-04-18T07:02:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/?p=2202"},"modified":"2026-04-18T10:03:14","modified_gmt":"2026-04-18T07:03:14","slug":"kisitli-jailed-ssh-ortaminda-node-js-ve-pm2-kurulumu-kesin-cozum-rehberi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/kisitli-jailed-ssh-ortaminda-node-js-ve-pm2-kurulumu-kesin-cozum-rehberi\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 (Jailed) SSH Ortam\u0131nda Node.js ve PM2 Kurulumu: Kesin \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm Rehberi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Payla\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 hosting sunucular\u0131nda veya KeyHelp, cPanel, Plesk gibi kontrol panellerinde k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 (Jailed) SSH eri\u015fimi ile Node.js uygulamas\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131rmak genellikle kabusa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilir. Sunucu y\u00f6neticileri g\u00fcvenlik amac\u0131yla “Root” yetkilerini kapatt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, standart npm install<\/code>, derleme (build) i\u015flemleri ve pm2<\/code> komutlar\u0131 ard\u0131 ard\u0131na EACCES (Yetki Reddedildi)<\/b> veya ERR_DLOPEN_FAILED<\/b> hatalar\u0131 vermeye ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n

Bu kapsaml\u0131 rehberde; Keyhel Panel’de Jailed SSH ortam\u0131nda g\u00fcvenlikten \u00f6d\u00fcn vermeden, gerekli izinleri ayarlamay\u0131, NVM (Node Version Manager)<\/b> kullanarak Node.js kurmay\u0131 ve uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 PM2<\/b> ile 7\/24 kesintisiz nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131raca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ad\u0131m ad\u0131m anlat\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n

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1. Ad\u0131m: \u00d6n Haz\u0131rl\u0131k \u2013 “Ek \u0130kili Dosyalar” ve K\u00fct\u00fcphane \u0130zinleri<\/h2>\n

Jailed SSH (Hapishane) ortam\u0131, kullan\u0131c\u0131y\u0131 sadece belli ba\u015fl\u0131 komutlarla s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131r. NPM’in paketleri indirebilmesi, zipli dosyalar\u0131 a\u00e7abilmesi ve \u00f6zellikle Vite\/Rollup<\/b> gibi modern ara\u00e7lar\u0131n Linux \u00e7ekirdek k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerine ula\u015f\u0131p derleme (build) yapabilmesi i\u00e7in sunucu panelinizden baz\u0131 komutlara izin vermeniz gerekir.<\/p>\n

Hosting panelinizden (\u00d6rn: KeyHelp’te Yap\u0131land\u0131rma > S\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f SSH > Ek \u0130kili Dosyalar<\/code> b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne) a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki listeyi eksiksiz olarak ekleyin ve kaydedin:<\/p>\n

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Plaintext<\/span><\/p>\n

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\/usr\/bin\/node\r\n\/usr\/bin\/npm\r\n\/usr\/local\/bin\/pm2\r\n\/usr\/bin\/sed\r\n\/usr\/bin\/awk\r\n\/usr\/bin\/tr\r\n\/usr\/bin\/uname\r\n\/usr\/bin\/tar\r\n\/usr\/bin\/gzip\r\n\/usr\/bin\/xz\r\n\/usr\/bin\/sort\r\n\/usr\/bin\/grep\r\n\/usr\/bin\/tail\r\n\/usr\/bin\/head\r\n\/usr\/bin\/cut\r\n\/usr\/bin\/wc\r\n\/usr\/bin\/dirname\r\n\/usr\/bin\/find\r\n\/usr\/bin\/tee\r\n\/usr\/bin\/sha256sum\r\n\/usr\/bin\/rm\r\n\/usr\/bin\/cp\r\n\/usr\/bin\/mv\r\n\/lib\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/librt.so.1\r\n\/usr\/lib\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/librt.so.1\r\n\/lib64\/librt.so.1\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Not: Listenin sonundaki librt.so.1<\/code> yollar\u0131, Vite ve Rollup kullanan projelerde derleme s\u0131ras\u0131nda al\u0131nan Error: librt.so.1: cannot open shared object file<\/code> (ERR_DLOPEN_FAILED) hatas\u0131n\u0131n kesin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/i><\/p>\n
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2. Neden Jailed SSH’ta Standart Node.js Kurulumu \u00c7\u00f6ker?<\/h2>\n
\u0130zinleri verdikten sonra bile, sistem sizi genellikle \/www<\/code> veya \/home\/kullaniciadi<\/code> gibi bir dizine hapseder. Ancak Node.js ve NPM, kurulum ve \u00f6nbellek (cache) i\u015flemleri i\u00e7in ana sunucu dizinlerine (\/.npm<\/code>) eri\u015fmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu durum kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z en me\u015fhur hatay\u0131 do\u011furur: Error: EACCES: permission denied, mkdir '\/.npm'<\/code><\/p>\n
\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/b> Uygulamalar\u0131 “Root” d\u00fczeyinde de\u011fil, tamamen kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n kendi izole alan\u0131nda (Kapsay\u0131c\u0131 mant\u0131\u011f\u0131yla) kurmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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3. Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m NVM ile \u00d6zel Node.js Motoru Kurmak<\/h2>\n
Her m\u00fc\u015fteriye veya projeye kendi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z Node.js motorunu atamak i\u00e7in NVM kullan\u0131yoruz. Bu sayede ayn\u0131 sunucuda bir proje Node 18 ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken di\u011feri Node 20 ile \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmadan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir.<\/p>\n
Terminalinize giri\u015f yap\u0131n ve ortam\u0131 uyand\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u015fu komutlar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131yla girin (NVM kurulu de\u011filse standart cURL komutuyla kurabilirsiniz):<\/p>\n
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Bash<\/span><\/p>\n
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# NVM'in yolunu belirleyin<\/span>\r\nexport<\/span> NVM_DIR=\"\/www\/.nvm\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n# NVM'i aktif edin<\/span>\r\n[ -s \"$NVM_DIR<\/span>\/nvm.sh\"<\/span> ] && \\. \"$NVM_DIR<\/span>\/nvm.sh\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u0130stedi\u011finiz Node s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kurun ve kullan\u0131n (\u00d6rn: v20)<\/span>\r\nnvm install 20\r\nnvm use 20\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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4. NPM EACCES (Yetki) Hatalar\u0131n\u0131 Tamamen A\u015fmak<\/h2>\n
NPM’in sunucu k\u00f6k dizinlerine dosya yazmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in ona “Ev” dizininin neresi oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemeliyiz. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komut, NPM’in t\u00fcm \u00f6nbellek dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 alan\u0131m\u0131z olan \/www<\/code> i\u00e7erisine yazmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar:<\/p>\n
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Bash<\/span><\/p>\n
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export<\/span> HOME=\"\/www\"<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
S\u00fcr\u00fcm \u00c7ak\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 (ERESOLVE) Gidermek<\/h3>\n
Projelerinizde paket s\u00fcr\u00fcmleri uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (npm error ERESOLVE<\/code>) ya\u015f\u0131yorsan\u0131z, NPM’e eski tip ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemeyi kullanmas\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek kurulumu zorlayabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
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Bash<\/span><\/p>\n
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npm install --legacy-peer-deps\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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5. Jailed Ortamda PM2 Kurulumu ve “module_conf.json” Hatas\u0131 \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc<\/h2>\n
Uygulaman\u0131z\u0131 arka planda s\u00fcrekli \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131racak olan PM2’yi kurmak, yetki sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n en \u00e7ok ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerdir. PM2 loglar\u0131 ve PID dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 ana dizindeki \/.pm2<\/code> i\u00e7ine yazmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Bunu \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in PM2’nin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131n\u0131 yeniden y\u00f6nlendiriyoruz:<\/p>\n
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Bash<\/span><\/p>\n
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# PM2'ye yeni bir ev g\u00f6steriyoruz<\/span>\r\nexport<\/span> PM2_HOME=\"\/www\/.pm2\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n# PM2'yi global olarak kuruyoruz<\/span>\r\nnpm install -g pm2\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Kurulumun ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 test etmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
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Bash<\/span><\/p>\n
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pm2 status\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Bu komut size bo\u015f da olsa o me\u015fhur PM2 tablosunu vermelidir.<\/i><\/p>\n
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6. Uygulamay\u0131 Ba\u015flatmak ve PM2’yi Kal\u0131c\u0131 Hale Getirmek<\/h2>\n
T\u00fcm altyap\u0131m\u0131z haz\u0131r. \u015eimdi Node.js veya derlenmi\u015f (build edilmi\u015f) projemizi canl\u0131ya alal\u0131m.<\/p>\n
1. Uygulaman\u0131z\u0131n klas\u00f6r\u00fcne girin:<\/b><\/p>\n
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Bash<\/span><\/p>\n
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cd<\/span> \/www\/\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
2. PM2 ile uygulamay\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131n:<\/b> Birden fazla uygulama bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yorsan\u0131z --name<\/code> parametresi ile isimleri birbirinden ay\u0131rmay\u0131 unutmay\u0131n.<\/p>\n
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Bash<\/span><\/p>\n
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pm2 start index.js --name \"proje-adi\"<\/span> --cwd \/www\/\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
3. \u0130\u015flemi Kaydedin:<\/b> Sunucu herhangi bir sebeple yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda uygulaman\u0131z\u0131n otomatik olarak tekrar a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in listeyi kaydedin:<\/p>\n
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Bash<\/span><\/p>\n
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pm2 save\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Bonus: SSH Her A\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Ayarlar\u0131 Korumak (.bashrc Otomasyonu)<\/h2>\n
Jailed SSH ortamlar\u0131 \u00e7ok “unutkand\u0131r”. Terminali kapat\u0131p a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda pm2 status<\/code> veya npm<\/code> komutlar\u0131 tekrar hata verebilir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc girdi\u011fimiz export<\/code> komutlar\u0131 haf\u0131zadan silinir.<\/p>\n
Her giri\u015finizde tek bir kelimeyle ortam\u0131 haz\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in kendinize bir k\u0131sayol (alias) olu\u015fturun:<\/p>\n
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Bash<\/span><\/p>\n
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echo<\/span> 'alias start=\"export HOME=\/www && export PM2_HOME=\/www\/.pm2 && export NVM_DIR=\/www\/.nvm && [ -s \\\"\\$NVM_DIR\/nvm.sh\\\" ] && . \\\"\\$NVM_DIR\/nvm.sh\\\" && nvm use 20\"'<\/span> >> \/www\/.bashrc\r\nsource<\/span> \/www\/.bashrc\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Art\u0131k SSH’a her ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda sadece start<\/code><\/b> yaz\u0131p Enter’a basman\u0131z yeterlidir. T\u00fcm NVM ve PM2 yollar\u0131n\u0131z saniyeler i\u00e7inde arka planda haz\u0131r hale gelecektir.<\/p>\n
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\u00d6zet<\/h3>\n
K\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 SSH izinleri, modern web uygulamalar\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in bir engel de\u011fildir. Do\u011fru yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f NVM ortamlar\u0131, \u00e7ekirdek librt<\/code> izinleri ve export<\/code> y\u00f6nlendirmeleri ile ana sunucuya hi\u00e7bir zarar vermeden (Root yetkisi kullanmadan) tamamen izole, g\u00fcvenli ve y\u00fcksek performansl\u0131 Node.js bar\u0131nd\u0131rma altyap\u0131lar\u0131 kurabilirsiniz. Ba\u015far\u0131lar dileriz!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Payla\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 hosting sunucular\u0131nda veya KeyHelp, cPanel, Plesk gibi kontrol panellerinde k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 (Jailed) SSH eri\u015fimi ile Node.js uygulamas\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131rmak genellikle kabusa…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2203,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[78,62,80,81],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2202","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-linux","category-guvenlik","category-keyhelp","category-node-js"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2202","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2202"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2202\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2205,"href":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2202\/revisions\/2205"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2203"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2202"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2202"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2202"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}