{"id":2135,"date":"2025-10-08T13:05:59","date_gmt":"2025-10-08T10:05:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/?p=2135"},"modified":"2026-10-21T17:00:42","modified_gmt":"2026-10-21T14:00:42","slug":"hosting-hatalari-cozum-cpanel-plesk-cwp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/hosting-hatalari-cozum-cpanel-plesk-cwp\/","title":{"rendered":"Hosting Hatalar\u0131 ve \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm Ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131: cPanel, Plesk ve CWP Rehberi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Makale boyunca kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z <strong>hosting<\/strong> hatas\u0131n\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru tespit etmek, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm s\u00fcresini dakikalara indirir. Bu rehberde cPanel, Plesk ve CWP panellerinde en s\u0131k ya\u015fanan DNS, SSL, web sunucusu ve e-posta hatalar\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l te\u015fhis edip giderece\u011finizi bulacaks\u0131n\u0131z. Ad\u0131mlar\u0131 s\u0131rayla uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda \u00e7o\u011fu sorunu destek ekibine ihtiya\u00e7 duymadan \u00e7\u00f6zebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<div class=\"key-takeaways\">\n<p class=\"key-takeaways-title\"><strong>\ud83d\udccb \u00d6nemli Noktalar<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0130lk 5 dakikada log kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131, DNS ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 ve SSL durumunu birlikte kontrol edin.<\/li>\n<li>Let&#8217;s Encrypt HTTP-01 do\u011frulamas\u0131 yaln\u0131zca 80\/TCP portundan \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r; bu port kapal\u0131ysa HTTPS kurulumu ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olur.<\/li>\n<li>500\/502\/503\/504 hatalar\u0131 farkl\u0131 katmanlardan kaynaklan\u0131r; her birinin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yolu ayr\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>SPF, DKIM ve DMARC kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n eksikli\u011fi e-posta teslim oran\u0131n\u0131 ciddi \u015fekilde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<li>PHP limitleri (upload, post, execution) web uygulamas\u0131 hatalar\u0131n\u0131n en s\u0131k g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7an nedenidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"table-of-contents\" role=\"navigation\" aria-label=\"\u0130\u00e7indekiler\">\n<p class=\"toc-title\"><strong>\u0130\u00e7indekiler<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#hosting-hatasi-nedir\">Hosting Hatas\u0131 Nedir? Hangi Belirtiler Sorun G\u00f6sterir?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#ilk-5-dakika-teshis\">\u0130lk 5 Dakikal\u0131k Te\u015fhis Ak\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#dns-alan-adi-hatalari\">DNS ve Alan Ad\u0131 Hatalar\u0131 Nas\u0131l \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcr?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#ssl-tls-hatalari\">SSL\/TLS Sertifika Hatalar\u0131 ve AutoSSL Sorunlar\u0131<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#web-sunucusu-hatalari\">Web Sunucusu Hatalar\u0131: 500, 502, 503, 504<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#php-uygulama-hatalari\">PHP Limitleri ve Uygulama Hatalar\u0131 Nas\u0131l Giderilir?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#e-posta-teslim-sorunlari\">E-posta Teslim Sorunlar\u0131 ve Kimlik Do\u011frulama Kay\u0131tlar\u0131<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#hatalari-onleme\">Hosting Hatalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00d6nlemek \u0130\u00e7in 5 Al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131k<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#hangi-durumda-destek\">Hangi Hosting Hatalar\u0131nda Destek Almal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#sss\">S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"hosting-hatasi-nedir\">Hosting Hatas\u0131 Nedir? Hangi Belirtiler Sorun G\u00f6sterir?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Hosting<\/strong>, web sitenizin dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 ve veritabanlar\u0131n\u0131 internette bar\u0131nd\u0131ran sunucu hizmetidir. Hosting hatas\u0131 ise bu sunucudaki yap\u0131land\u0131rma, kaynak t\u00fcketimi veya servis durmas\u0131 nedeniyle sitenizin beklenen \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Hatan\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131 DNS ayarlar\u0131ndan PHP kodundaki bir soruna kadar geni\u015f bir yelpazeye yay\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Belirtiler genellikle \u015funlard\u0131r: site hi\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131yor veya yava\u015f yan\u0131t veriyor, taray\u0131c\u0131 &#8220;Not Secure&#8221; uyar\u0131s\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor, e-posta g\u00f6nderimi ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z oluyor ya da panellere eri\u015fim sa\u011flanam\u0131yor. Belirtiyi do\u011fru okumak, do\u011fru katmana y\u00f6nelmenizi sa\u011flar. \u00d6rne\u011fin 502 hatas\u0131 DNS sorunundan de\u011fil, genellikle web sunucusu ile PHP servisi aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131 kopuklu\u011fundan kaynaklan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large sm-inline-image\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/hosting-hosting-hatasi-nedir-hangi-belirtiler-pmQh.webp\" class=\"sm-ai-image wp-image-2946\" alt=\"Hosting Hatas\u0131 Nedir? Hangi Belirtiler Sorun G\u00f6sterir?\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/hosting-hosting-hatasi-nedir-hangi-belirtiler-pmQh.webp 1024w, https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/hosting-hosting-hatasi-nedir-hangi-belirtiler-pmQh-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/hosting-hosting-hatasi-nedir-hangi-belirtiler-pmQh-768x432.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<h2 id=\"ilk-5-dakika-teshis\">\u0130lk 5 Dakikal\u0131k Te\u015fhis Ak\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>\u0130lk m\u00fcdahalede amac\u0131n\u0131z sorunun hangi katmanda oldu\u011funu belirlemektir; \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm de\u011fil, te\u015fhis yap\u0131yorsunuz. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki be\u015f ad\u0131m\u0131 s\u0131rayla izlemek, \u00e7o\u011fu <strong>hosting<\/strong> hatas\u0131n\u0131n temel nedenini ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Hata kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin:<\/strong> cPanel&#8217;de <em>Metrics \u2192 Errors<\/em>, Plesk&#8217;te ilgili alan ad\u0131nda <em>Logs<\/em>, CWP&#8217;de HTTPD\/Nginx, PHP, AutoSSL ve servis loglar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>DNS kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulay\u0131n:<\/strong> A\/AAAA, MX ve TXT (SPF\/DKIM\/DMARC) kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru IP ve sunucuya i\u015faret etti\u011finden emin olun.<\/li>\n<li><strong>SSL\/AutoSSL durumunu kontrol edin:<\/strong> Let&#8217;s Encrypt sertifikas\u0131n\u0131n yenilenip yenilenmedi\u011fini ve 80\/TCP portunun a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011funu do\u011frulay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>PHP limitlerini g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irin:<\/strong> <code>upload_max_filesize<\/code>, <code>post_max_size<\/code> ve <code>max_execution_time<\/code> de\u011ferlerini uygulama ihtiyac\u0131na g\u00f6re g\u00fcncelleyin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>E-posta do\u011frulamalar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyin:<\/strong> SPF\/DKIM\/DMARC kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra rDNS (PTR) kayd\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tablo, \u00fc\u00e7 panelde te\u015fhis ara\u00e7lar\u0131na nereden ula\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6zetler:<\/p>\n<div class=\"sm-table-wrap\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Te\u015fhis Alan\u0131<\/th>\n<th>cPanel<\/th>\n<th>Plesk<\/th>\n<th>CWP<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Hata loglar\u0131<\/td>\n<td>Metrics \u2192 Errors<\/td>\n<td>Domains \u2192 Logs<\/td>\n<td>Log Viewer \u2192 HTTPD\/Nginx, PHP<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>DNS y\u00f6netimi<\/td>\n<td>Domains \u2192 Zone Editor<\/td>\n<td>Websites &amp; Domains \u2192 DNS Settings<\/td>\n<td>DNS Functions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>SSL\/AutoSSL<\/td>\n<td>Security \u2192 SSL\/TLS Status<\/td>\n<td>Websites &amp; Domains \u2192 SSL\/TLS Certificates<\/td>\n<td>SSL Certificates \u2192 AutoSSL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>PHP yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131<\/td>\n<td>Software \u2192 MultiPHP INI Editor<\/td>\n<td>DevTools \u2192 PHP Settings<\/td>\n<td>PHP Settings \u2192 PHP Version Switcher<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"sm-note\"><strong>\ud83d\udca1 \u0130pucu:<\/strong> Te\u015fhis s\u0131ras\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z her de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi not al\u0131n. Sorun b\u00fcy\u00fcrse bu notlar, destek ekibine durumu aktarman\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7ok h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131r.<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"dns-alan-adi-hatalari\">DNS ve Alan Ad\u0131 Hatalar\u0131 Nas\u0131l \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcr?<\/h2>\n<p>DNS hatalar\u0131, sitenin baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p baz\u0131lar\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131 veya e-postalar\u0131n hi\u00e7 gelmemesi gibi belirtilerle kendini g\u00f6sterir. Bu durum \u00e7o\u011funlukla yanl\u0131\u015f A kayd\u0131, eksik MX kayd\u0131 veya tamamlanmam\u0131\u015f NS de\u011fi\u015fiminden kaynaklan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"a-aaaa-kaydi-hatalari\">A\/AAAA Kayd\u0131 Hatalar\u0131<\/h3>\n<p>A kayd\u0131 alan ad\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 IPv4 adresine, AAAA kayd\u0131 ise IPv6 adresine y\u00f6nlendirir. Siteniz a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131yorsa ilk bakman\u0131z gereken yer bu kay\u0131tlard\u0131r. Terminalden \u015fu komutlarla mevcut kay\u0131tlar\u0131 sorgulayabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">dig +short example.com A\ndig +short example.com AAAA\ndig +short NS example.com<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Komut \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131nda bekledi\u011finiz sunucu IP&#8217;sini g\u00f6rm\u00fcyorsan\u0131z, alan ad\u0131n\u0131n kay\u0131tl\u0131 oldu\u011fu DNS y\u00f6netim panelinden A kayd\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczeltin. \u00d6rne\u011fin cPanel&#8217;de <em>Domains \u2192 Zone Editor<\/em>, Plesk&#8217;te <em>Websites &amp; Domains \u2192 DNS Settings<\/em>, CWP&#8217;de <em>DNS Functions<\/em> yolunu izleyin.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"mx-ve-e-posta-yonlendirme-sorunlari\">MX ve E-posta Y\u00f6nlendirme Sorunlar\u0131<\/h3>\n<p>E-postalar gelmiyor ancak site a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yorsa, MX kayd\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru posta sunucusuna i\u015faret etti\u011fini do\u011frulay\u0131n:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">dig +short example.com MX<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"sm-note sm-note-warning\"><strong>\u26a0\ufe0f Dikkat:<\/strong> Alan ad\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 farkl\u0131 bir sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131dan y\u00f6netiyorsan\u0131z, hosting panelindeki DNS ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmek tek ba\u015f\u0131na yeterli olmaz. Kay\u0131t y\u00f6neticinizdeki DNS sunucusu adreslerinin de do\u011fru oldu\u011fundan emin olun.<\/div>\n<h3 id=\"ns-degisimi-ve-propagasyon\">NS De\u011fi\u015fimi ve Propagasyon<\/h3>\n<p>Alan ad\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n NS sunucular\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirdiyseniz, bu de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fin d\u00fcnya genelindeki DNS sunucular\u0131na yay\u0131lmas\u0131 zaman al\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre \u00e7o\u011fu durumda 24\u201348 saat aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fir; baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde daha erken, baz\u0131lar\u0131nda daha ge\u00e7 tamamlanabilir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te site bazen a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r bazen a\u00e7\u0131lmaz \u2014 bu bir <strong>hosting<\/strong> sorunundan \u00e7ok beklenen bir propagasyon s\u00fcrecidir.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"ssl-tls-hatalari\">SSL\/TLS Sertifika Hatalar\u0131 ve AutoSSL Sorunlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Taray\u0131c\u0131da &#8220;Not Secure&#8221;, &#8220;Certificate expired&#8221; veya &#8220;hostname mismatch&#8221; uyar\u0131lar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyorsan\u0131z SSL\/TLS katman\u0131nda bir sorun var demektir. Sertifikan\u0131n s\u00fcresi dolmu\u015f, yanl\u0131\u015f alan ad\u0131na d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f veya olu\u015fturulurken do\u011frulama ad\u0131m\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olmu\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large sm-inline-image\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/hosting-ssl-tls-sertifika-hatalari-ve-7plf.webp\" class=\"sm-ai-image wp-image-2947\" alt=\"SSL\/TLS Sertifika Hatalar\u0131 ve AutoSSL Sorunlar\u0131\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/hosting-ssl-tls-sertifika-hatalari-ve-7plf.webp 1024w, https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/hosting-ssl-tls-sertifika-hatalari-ve-7plf-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/hosting-ssl-tls-sertifika-hatalari-ve-7plf-768x432.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<h3 id=\"lets-encrypt-ve-80-tcp-portu-iliskisi\">Let&#8217;s Encrypt ve 80\/TCP Portu \u0130li\u015fkisi<\/h3>\n<p>\u00dccretsiz SSL sertifikas\u0131 sa\u011flayan Let&#8217;s Encrypt, HTTP-01 do\u011frulama y\u00f6nteminde alan ad\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc <strong>80\/TCP<\/strong> portu \u00fczerinden yapar. Bu port kapal\u0131ysa veya y\u00f6nlendirme ayarlar\u0131 bozulduysa sertifika olu\u015fturma ve yenileme ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olur. HTTP\u2192HTTPS y\u00f6nlendirmesi kals\u0131n, ancak <code>.well-known\/acme-challenge<\/code> yoluna 80 portundan eri\u015fim bozulmas\u0131n.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"panellere-gore-ssl-yonetimi\">Panellere G\u00f6re SSL Y\u00f6netimi<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>cPanel\/WHM:<\/strong> <em>Security \u2192 SSL\/TLS Status<\/em> alt\u0131ndan AutoSSL&#8217;i \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n; sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 olarak Let&#8217;s Encrypt se\u00e7ili olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Plesk:<\/strong> <em>Websites &amp; Domains \u2192 SSL\/TLS Certificates<\/em> b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden Let&#8217;s Encrypt veya SSL It! ile sertifikay\u0131 hem site hem posta hem de Plesk aray\u00fcz\u00fc i\u00e7in yenileyin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>CWP:<\/strong> AutoSSL g\u00fcnl\u00fckleri <code>\/var\/log\/cwp\/autossl.log<\/code> ve <code>\/root\/.acme.sh\/acme.sh.log<\/code> dosyalar\u0131nda incelenebilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Mevcut sertifikan\u0131n durumunu ve ge\u00e7erlilik tarihlerini terminalden \u015f\u00f6yle kontrol edebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">echo | openssl s_client -servername example.com -connect example.com:443 2&gt;\/dev\/null | openssl x509 -noout -issuer -subject -dates<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"web-sunucusu-hatalari\">Web Sunucusu Hatalar\u0131: 500, 502, 503, 504<\/h2>\n<p>Bu d\u00f6rt hata kodu, sorunun farkl\u0131 katmanlardan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Her birinin te\u015fhisi ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc ayr\u0131d\u0131r; bu y\u00fczden kodu do\u011fru okumak \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yolunu yar\u0131 yar\u0131ya k\u0131salt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"500-internal-server-error\">500 Internal Server Error<\/h3>\n<p>500 hatas\u0131, sunucunun iste\u011fi i\u015fleyemedi\u011fini ancak nedenini spesifik olarak bildiremedi\u011fini g\u00f6sterir. En yayg\u0131n nedenleri hatal\u0131 <code>.htaccess<\/code> dosyas\u0131, PHP kodundaki \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl hata veya yanl\u0131\u015f dosya izinleridir. cPanel&#8217;de <em>Metrics \u2192 Errors<\/em>, Plesk&#8217;te alan ad\u0131na ait <em>Logs<\/em> b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde PHP error loglar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin. Sorun genellikle loglardaki son sat\u0131rda kendini belli eder.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"502-bad-gateway\">502 Bad Gateway<\/h3>\n<p>502, web sunucusu ile arka plandaki uygulama servisi (\u00f6rne\u011fin PHP-FPM) aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131n kopuk oldu\u011funu belirtir. PHP-FPM servisinin durup durmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin. CWP&#8217;de <em>Service Manager<\/em> \u00fczerinden php-fpm servisinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun; Plesk&#8217;te ise <code>plesk repair all<\/code> komutu bir\u00e7ok servis yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 otomatik onar\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"503-service-unavailable\">503 Service Unavailable<\/h3>\n<p>503, sunucunun ge\u00e7ici olarak iste\u011fe yan\u0131t veremedi\u011fini ifade eder. Bu genellikle a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kaynak t\u00fcketimi, yap\u0131land\u0131rma de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi veya bak\u0131m modundan kaynaklan\u0131r. Sunucu y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc, RAM kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve aktif s\u00fcreci kontrol edin. <strong>Linux hosting<\/strong> ortamlar\u0131nda kaynak limitlerine yakla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu hata s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"504-gateway-timeout\">504 Gateway Timeout<\/h3>\n<p>504 hatas\u0131, arka plan servisinin iste\u011fe belirlenen s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde yan\u0131t vermedi\u011fini g\u00f6sterir. \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm i\u00e7in PHP <code>max_execution_time<\/code> de\u011ferini art\u0131rmak gerekebilir, ancak \u00f6nce uygulaman\u0131n neden bu kadar uzun s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc de\u011ferlendirin. Veritaban\u0131 sorgular\u0131ndaki yava\u015fl\u0131k, 504 hatalar\u0131n\u0131n en s\u0131k g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7an nedenidir.<\/p>\n<div class=\"sm-note\"><strong>\ud83d\udca1 \u0130pucu:<\/strong> 502 ve 504 hatalar\u0131nda yaln\u0131zca web sunucusu loglar\u0131na de\u011fil, PHP-FPM ve Nginx error loglar\u0131na da bak\u0131n. As\u0131l hata mesaj\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu zaman orada gizlidir.<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"php-uygulama-hatalari\">PHP Limitleri ve Uygulama Hatalar\u0131 Nas\u0131l Giderilir?<\/h2>\n<p>PHP yap\u0131land\u0131rma limitleri, hosting panellerinde s\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilen ancak bir\u00e7ok uygulama hatas\u0131n\u0131n temel nedeni olan ayarlard\u0131r. Yanl\u0131\u015f limit de\u011ferleri dosya y\u00fckleme ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan zaman a\u015f\u0131m\u0131na kadar farkl\u0131 belirtilerle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"dosya-yukleme-sorunlari\">Dosya Y\u00fckleme Sorunlar\u0131<\/h3>\n<p>Eklenti veya medya y\u00fckleyemiyorsan\u0131z, PHP&#8217;nin y\u00fckleme limitleri ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lam\u0131yor olabilir. Kontrol etmeniz gereken iki de\u011fer <code>upload_max_filesize<\/code> ve <code>post_max_size<\/code> de\u011ferleridir. <code>post_max_size<\/code> her zaman <code>upload_max_filesize<\/code> de\u011ferinden biraz daha b\u00fcy\u00fck olmal\u0131d\u0131r \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc form verisi dosyan\u0131n kendisinden fazlas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir. \u00d6rne\u011fin 64 MB y\u00fckleme i\u00e7in <code>post_max_size<\/code> 128 MB olarak ayarlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"bellek-ve-zaman-asimi-hatalari\">Bellek ve Zaman A\u015f\u0131m\u0131 Hatalar\u0131<\/h3>\n<p>WordPress gibi kaynak t\u00fcketimi y\u00fcksek uygulamalarda <code>memory_limit<\/code> de\u011feri yetersiz kalabilir. Bellek yetersizli\u011fi genellikle 500 hatas\u0131 veya beyaz ekran olarak kendini g\u00f6sterir. <code>max_execution_time<\/code> ise uzun s\u00fcren veritaban\u0131 i\u015flemlerinde art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken bir di\u011fer de\u011ferdir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin <a href=\"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/linux-web-hosting\">Linux hosting<\/a> paketlerinde bu de\u011ferler panel \u00fczerinden d\u00fczenlenebilir, ancak her art\u0131\u015f sunucu kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcketti\u011fi i\u00e7in sorunu k\u00f6kten \u00e7\u00f6zmek yerine neyin bu kadar kaynak t\u00fcketti\u011fini de ara\u015ft\u0131rmak gerekir. Bu optimizasyonlar\u0131n varsay\u0131lan olarak yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/wordpress-hosting\">wordpress hosting<\/a> paketleri, PHP yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131yla u\u011fra\u015fmak istemeyen kullan\u0131c\u0131lar i\u00e7in daha pratik bir se\u00e7enektir.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"e-posta-teslim-sorunlari\">E-posta Teslim Sorunlar\u0131 ve Kimlik Do\u011frulama Kay\u0131tlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>E-postalar\u0131n\u0131z al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n spam klas\u00f6r\u00fcne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor veya hi\u00e7 ula\u015fm\u0131yorsa, sorun b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla eksik kimlik do\u011frulama kay\u0131tlar\u0131d\u0131r. E-posta g\u00f6nderen sunucunun kimli\u011fini do\u011frulayan \u00fc\u00e7 temel DNS kayd\u0131 vard\u0131r: SPF, DKIM ve DMARC.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"spf-dkim-ve-dmarc-kayitlari\">SPF, DKIM ve DMARC Kay\u0131tlar\u0131<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>SPF:<\/strong> Hangi sunucular\u0131n sizin ad\u0131n\u0131za e-posta g\u00f6nderebilece\u011fini belirten TXT kayd\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>DKIM:<\/strong> G\u00f6nderilen e-postalara dijital imza ekleyerek i\u00e7eri\u011fin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmedi\u011fini do\u011frular.<\/li>\n<li><strong>DMARC:<\/strong> SPF ve DKIM sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re al\u0131c\u0131 sunucuya e-postalar\u0131 nas\u0131l i\u015fleyece\u011fini s\u00f6yler.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00dc\u00e7 kay\u0131t da eksiksiz ve tutarl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Gmail ve Outlook gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar e-postalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 reddedebilir veya karantinaya alabilir. cPanel&#8217;de <em>Email \u2192 Email Deliverability<\/em>, Plesk&#8217;te <em>Mail \u2192 Mail Settings<\/em>, CWP&#8217;de <em>Email \u2192 DKIM &amp; SPF Manager<\/em> \u00fczerinden bu kay\u0131tlar\u0131 yap\u0131land\u0131rabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"rdns-ptr-kaydi\">rDNS (PTR) Kayd\u0131<\/h3>\n<p>rDNS, IP adresinizden alan ad\u0131n\u0131za ters y\u00f6nde bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. PTR kayd\u0131, IP adresinin sahibi olan sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu nedenle hosting panelinizden rDNS de\u011fi\u015ftiremiyorsan\u0131z destek ekibinden talepte bulunman\u0131z gerekir.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"hatalari-onleme\">Hosting Hatalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00d6nlemek \u0130\u00e7in 5 Al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131k<\/h2>\n<p>Hatalar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmek kadar onlar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek de \u00f6nemlidir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar, sitenizin uzun vadede kesintisiz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>D\u00fczenli yedek al\u0131n:<\/strong> cPanel ve Plesk&#8217;te otomatik yedekleme plan\u0131 olu\u015fturun; CWP&#8217;de Backup Manager&#8217;\u0131 kullan\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Loglar\u0131 haftal\u0131k g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irin:<\/strong> Sorun b\u00fcy\u00fcmeden hata kay\u0131tlar\u0131ndaki tekrarlayan desenleri fark edin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sertifikalar\u0131 izleyin:<\/strong> AutoSSL veya Let&#8217;s Encrypt yenilemelerinin d\u00fczenli \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ayl\u0131k do\u011frulay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kaynak kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 takip edin:<\/strong> Disk, RAM ve CPU kullan\u0131m\u0131ndaki ani art\u0131\u015flar yakla\u015fan sorunun erken sinyalidir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 g\u00fcncel tutun:<\/strong> WordPress \u00e7ekirdek, tema ve eklentilerindeki g\u00fcncellemeler yaln\u0131zca g\u00fcvenlik i\u00e7in de\u011fil, uyumluluk hatalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in de gereklidir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u00d6zellikle yo\u011fun trafik alan e-ticaret sitelerinde bu al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar kritik \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Sepet i\u015flemlerinin yava\u015flamas\u0131 veya \u00f6deme sayfas\u0131n\u0131n 500 hatas\u0131 vermesi do\u011frudan gelir kayb\u0131na neden olur. Bu t\u00fcr projeler i\u00e7in optimize edilmi\u015f <a href=\"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/e-ticaret-hosting\">e-ticaret hosting<\/a> paketleri, kaynak izleme ve yedekleme konular\u0131nda ek kolayl\u0131k sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"hangi-durumda-destek\">Hangi Hosting Hatalar\u0131nda Destek Almal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z?<\/h2>\n<p>Kendi ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131za \u00e7\u00f6zebilece\u011finiz hatalarla destek gerektiren hatalar aras\u0131ndaki s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 bilmek, zaman kayb\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nler. DNS kay\u0131t d\u00fczeltmeleri, PHP limit g\u00fcncellemeleri, SSL yenileme ve <code>.htaccess<\/code> d\u00fczenlemeleri \u00e7o\u011fu kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6zebilece\u011fi i\u015flemlerdir.<\/p>\n<p>Ancak \u015fu durumlarda mutlaka destek talebi a\u00e7\u0131n:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sunucu tamamen yan\u0131t vermiyor ve panele de eri\u015filemiyorsa<\/li>\n<li>rDNS\/PTR kayd\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi veya IP adresi bazl\u0131 i\u015flemler gerekiyorsa<\/li>\n<li>Donan\u0131m kaynakl\u0131 olabilecek s\u00fcrekli yeniden ba\u015flatma veya donma sorunlar\u0131 ya\u015fan\u0131yorsa<\/li>\n<li>G\u00fcvenlik ihlali \u015f\u00fcphesi varsa (beklenmedik dosyalar, bilinmeyen admin hesaplar\u0131)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu rehberdeki ad\u0131mlar\u0131 uygulad\u0131ktan sonra h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclemeyen sorunlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayan detayl\u0131 bir \u00f6zet haz\u0131rlay\u0131n: hangi hatay\u0131 ald\u0131n\u0131z, hangi ad\u0131mlar\u0131 denediniz, ilgili log sat\u0131rlar\u0131 neler? Do\u011fru bilgilerle a\u00e7\u0131lan bir destek talebi, genellikle saatler s\u00fcren kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00f6nler.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"sss\">S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"hosting-hatasi-ile-site-yazilim-hatasi-nasil-ayirt-edilir\">Hosting hatas\u0131 ile site yaz\u0131l\u0131m hatas\u0131 nas\u0131l ay\u0131rt edilir?<\/h3>\n<p>Hosting hatas\u0131 genellikle sunucu loglar\u0131nda iz b\u0131rak\u0131r ve panel eri\u015fimini etkileyebilir; site yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 hatas\u0131 ise yaln\u0131zca belirli sayfalarda g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Hosting taraf\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in DNS, SSL ve servis durumunu kontrol edin \u2014 bunlar sa\u011flamsa sorun b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla uygulama katman\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"lets-encrypt-sertifikasi-neden-80-portuna-ihtiyac-duyar\">Let&#8217;s Encrypt sertifikas\u0131 neden 80 portuna ihtiya\u00e7 duyar?<\/h3>\n<p>HTTP-01 do\u011frulama y\u00f6ntemi, alan ad\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc web sunucusu \u00fczerinden kan\u0131tlar. Do\u011frulama dosyas\u0131 80\/TCP portundan eri\u015filebilir olmal\u0131d\u0131r; bu port kapal\u0131ysa veya t\u00fcm trafik an\u0131nda 443&#8217;e y\u00f6nlendiriliyorsa sertifika yenileme ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olur.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"502-hatasi-ile-504-hatasi-arasindaki-fark-nedir\">502 hatas\u0131 ile 504 hatas\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki fark nedir?<\/h3>\n<p>502, web sunucusu ile arka plan servisi aras\u0131nda ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131n hi\u00e7 kurulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir; 504 ise ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131n kuruldu\u011funu ancak arka plan servisinin zaman\u0131nda yan\u0131t veremedi\u011fini belirtir. \u0130lki genellikle durmu\u015f bir servisi, ikincisi yava\u015f bir uygulamay\u0131 i\u015faret eder.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"dns-propagasyonu-neden-hemen-tamamlanmaz\">DNS propagasyonu neden hemen tamamlanmaz?<\/h3>\n<p>DNS kay\u0131tlar\u0131 d\u00fcnya genelindeki binlerce \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleyici sunucuda \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131n\u0131r. Her \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleyici kay\u0131tlar\u0131 TTL s\u00fcresi dolana kadar saklar; bu s\u00fcre her sunucuya g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fi i\u00e7in de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin yay\u0131lmas\u0131 genellikle 24\u201348 saat s\u00fcrer.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"e-postalarim-spame-dusuyor-hosting-ile-ilgili-olabilir-mi\">E-postalar\u0131m spam&#8217;e d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor, hosting ile ilgili olabilir mi?<\/h3>\n<p>Evet, eksik SPF\/DKIM\/DMARC kay\u0131tlar\u0131, yanl\u0131\u015f rDNS yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131 veya payla\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 sunucudaki k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli kom\u015fu siteler e-posta itibar\u0131n\u0131 etkileyebilir. \u00d6nce kimlik do\u011frulama kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 tamamlay\u0131n; sorun devam ederse sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n IP itibar\u0131n\u0131 sorgulay\u0131n.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"hosting-paneli-hangi-log-dosyalarina-oncelik-vermeli\">Hosting paneli hangi log dosyalar\u0131na \u00f6ncelik vermeli?<\/h3>\n<p>\u00d6ncelikle web sunucusu error loglar\u0131na, ard\u0131ndan PHP error loglar\u0131na ve son olarak SSL\/AutoSSL loglar\u0131na bak\u0131n. Hatan\u0131n ilk g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc zaman damgas\u0131na odaklanmak, sorunu tetikleyen olay\u0131 tespit etmeyi \u00e7ok h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hosting\u2019te en s\u0131k hatalar ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131: DNS, SSL\/AutoSSL, 5xx, PHP limitleri, e-posta teslimi ve performans. cPanel, Plesk ve CWP i\u00e7in ad\u0131m ad\u0131m panel yollar\u0131 ve komutlar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2136,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[60,62,75,76,66,64,74,70,72],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2135","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-centos-web-panel","category-guvenlik","category-hosting","category-mail","category-nginx","category-security","category-seo","category-whm-cpanel","category-wordpress"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2135","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2135"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2135\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2948,"href":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2135\/revisions\/2948"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2136"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2135"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2135"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saviorhost.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2135"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}